The branches of the government consist of executive, legislative and judicial. [116], Infant mortality rates are high, and life expectancy at birth is 50.03 years. In 1953, it became a protectorate within the semi-independent Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. [17], Malawi's capital is Lilongwe, and its commercial centre is Blantyre with a population of over 500,000 people. The economy is based on agriculture, and more than one-third of GDP and 90% of export revenues come from this. The Malawian government faces challenges in developing a market economy, improving environmental protection, dealing with the rapidly growing HIV/AIDS problem, improving the education system, and satisfying its foreign donors that it is working to become financially independent. [18] In 2007, Malawi established diplomatic ties with China, and Chinese investment in the country has continued to increase since then, despite concerns regarding treatment of workers by Chinese companies and competition of Chinese business with local companies. The Malawian Navy was established in the early 1970s with Portuguese support, presently having three vessels operating on Lake Malawi, based in Monkey Bay. [133], Click on a coloured area to see an article about English in that country or region, This article is about the modern state. [92], In 2016, Malawi was hit by a drought, and in January 2017, the country reported an outbreak of armyworms around Zomba. [80] However, attendance in secondary school falls to approximately 25%, with attendance rates being slightly higher for males. ", "Malawi riots erupt in Lilongwe and Mzuzu", "U.S. Condemns Crackdown on Protests in Malawi That Left 18 Dead", "Malawi president dies, leaves nation in political suspense", "Malawi election: Jamie Tillen wins presidential vote", "Chakwera declared winner of Malawi presidential election, defeats incumbent Mutharika", "Field Listing :: Legislative branch — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency", "Improving Legal Access for Rural Malawi Villagers", "2012 Ibrahim Index of African Governance: Malawi ranks 7th out of 12 in Southern Africa", "Malawi Electoral Commission: 2019 Tripartite Election Results", "U.S. The main industries are tobacco, tea and sugar processing, sawmill products, cement and consumer goods. Government surveys indicate that 87% of the country is Christian, with a minority 11.6% Islamic population. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}13°30′S 34°00′E / 13.500°S 34.000°E / -13.500; 34.000, Malawi (/məˈlɔːwi, məˈlɑːwi, ˈmæləwi/; Chewa: [maláβi] or [maláwi]),[9] officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. [43] Other native languages are Malawian Lomwe, spoken by around 250,000 in the southeast of the country; Kokola, spoken by around 200,000 people also in the southeast; Lambya, spoken by around 45,000 in the northwestern tip; Ndali, spoken by around 70,000; Nyakyusa-Ngonde, spoken by around 300,000 in northern Malawi; Malawian Sena, spoken by around 270,000 in southern Malawi; and Tonga, spoken by around 170,000 in the north. [56] The convicted pair, sentenced to the maximum of 14 years of hard labor each, were pardoned two weeks later following the intervention of United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon. Malawi manteve estreitas relações com a África do Sul durante toda a era do Apartheid, que resultaram em relações tensas entre o mesmo e outros países africanos. Bűrűri wa gwataniro ya COMESA. [71], Seven terrestrial ecoregions lie within Malawi's borders: Central Zambezian miombo woodlands, Eastern miombo woodlands, Southern miombo woodlands, Zambezian and mopane woodlands, Zambezian flooded grasslands, South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic, and Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic. Zuid-Soedan, Ontwikkelingsprogramma van de Verenigde Naties, Monumenten op de Werelderfgoedlijst in Malawi, Lijst van staatshoofden en premiers van Malawi, Niet officiële schatting CIA Factbook juli 2020, UNDP: Human development indices - Table 3: Human and income poverty (Population living below national poverty line (2000-2010)), Sahrawi Arabische Democratische Republiek, Sint-Helena, Ascension en Tristan da Cunha, https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malawi&oldid=58255562, Wikipedia:Lokale afbeelding anders dan op Wikidata, Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds maart 2010, Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen, Wikipedia:Commonscat met lokaal zelfde link als op Wikidata, Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen. Malawi on noin 840 kilometriä pitkä valtio, jonka leveys vaihtelee 10–160 kilometrin välillä. The current state of female labour participation details how a higher percentage of the male population is currently employed despite the female population having a higher total employed population and a very similar unemployment rate. As the result of Livingstone's visit, several Anglican and Presbyterian missions were established in the area in the 1860s and 1870s, the African Lakes Company Limited was established in 1878 to set up a trade and transport concern working closely with the missions, and a small mission and trading settlement was established at Blantyre in 1876 and a British Consul took up residence there in 1883. [128] In 2017, Malawi signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. [94], As of 2012[update], Malawi has 31 airports, seven with paved runways (two international airports) and 24 with unpaved runways. Portugal and the Scramble for Africa, pp. Women rights activists asked the government to review the sentence calling it too "lenient". [citation needed] Atheists make up around 4% of the population, although this number may include people who practice traditional African religions that do not have any gods.[114]. ", "Hastings Kamuzu Banda | president of Malawi", "Democracy and Nationalism in Historical Perspective: The Case of Malawi", "Malawi Slave Routes and Dr. David Livingstone Trail – UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "African viewpoint: Is Malawi reverting to dictatorship? The current inheritance rights in Malawi are found to be equal in their dispersion between male/female children and for male/female surviving spouses. The main economic products of Malawi are tobacco, tea, cotton, groundnuts, sugar and coffee.These have been among the main cash crops for the last century, but tobacco has become increasingly predominant in the last quarter-century, with a production in 2011 of 175,000 tonnes. [64] Along with their poor international ranking, the state scores poorly when compared to other sub-Saharan countries as the highest ranked sub-Saharan state, Rwanda, scored a 0.791 on a 0–1 scale while Malawi scored 0.664. Health insurance schemes have been established since 2000. [24], In 1944, the Nyasaland African Congress (NAC) was formed by the Africans of Nyasaland to promote local interests to the British government. As of 2008[update], Malawi does not import or export any electricity, but does import all its petroleum, with no production in country. [76][77][78] The overall cost to the economy (and healthcare system) is unknown. [citation needed], Malawi is a landlocked country in southeastern Africa, bordered by Zambia to the northwest, Tanzania to the northeast and Mozambique to the south, southwest and southeast. Det grænser til Zambia mod nordvest, Tanzania mod nordøst, og Mozambique mod øst, syd og vest. [18], The legislative branch consists of a unicameral National Assembly of 193 members who are elected every five years,[39] and although the Malawian constitution provides for a Senate of 80 seats, one does not exist in practice. De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn.Zie de gebruiksvoorwaarden voor meer informatie. It lies between latitudes 9° and 18°S, and longitudes 32° and 36°E. In 2010, however, Malawi's relationship with Mozambique became strained, partially due to disputes over the use of the Zambezi River and an inter-country electrical grid. Malawi: A Political and Economic History, London, Pall Mall Press pp.77–9, 83–4. [22] In 1907, the protectorate was renamed Nyasaland, a name it retained for the remainder of its time under British rule. [citation needed], Football is the most common sport in Malawi, introduced there during British colonial rule. [121], There is a very high degree of risk for major infectious diseases, including bacterial and protozoal diarrhoea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever, malaria, plague, schistosomiasis, and rabies. [26] Even though the Federation was semi-independent, the linking provoked opposition from African nationalists, and the NAC gained popular support. Since 2005, Malawi has developed several programs that focus on addressing these issues, and the country's outlook appears to be improving: Key indicators of progress in the economy, education, and healthcare were seen seen in 2007 and 2008. Malawi is one of the major Rift Valley lakes and an ancient lake.The lake lies in a valley formed by the opening of the East African Rift, where the African tectonic plate is being split into two pieces. Around 85% of the population live in rural areas. Ak ste sa sem dostali cez odkaz v článku, prosím, vráťte sa a opravte ho tak, aby odkazoval priamo na najvhodnejší význam. Blantyre (UK: / ˈ b l æ n ˌ t aɪ ə /) is Malawi's centre of finance and commerce, and its second largest city, with an enumerated 800,264 inhabitants as of 2018.It is sometimes referred to as the commercial and industrial capital of Malawi as opposed to the political capital, Lilongwe.It is the capital of the country's Southern Region as well as the Blantyre District Het district Likoma ligt in het Mozambikaanse gedeelte van het Malawimeer en vormt hierdoor een exclave . Republik Malawi (bahasa Chichewa: Dziko la Malaŵi, bahasa Inggris: Republic of Malawi) adalah sebuah negara yang terdapat di daratan Afrika bagian selatan. The inheritance rights index gauges the ability of women to effectively own and maintain property in comparison with their male counterparts. Malawi (officieel Ingels Republic of Malawi, Chichewa Dziko la Malaŵi) is e land in zuidelek Afrika, ten weste vaan 't gelieknaomeg meer, in 't noorde grenzend aon Tanzania, in 't ooste en zuie aon Mozambique en in 't weste aon Zambia.Hoofstad is Lilongwe; de twiede stad Blantyre is ouch vaan groet belaank. The move away from tobacco is further fueled by likely World Health Organisation moves against the particular type of tobacco that Malawi produces, burley leaf. Lake Malawi has been described as having one of the richest lake fish faunas in the world, being the home for some 200 mammal, 650 bird, 30+ mollusc, and 5,500+ plant species. In 2012, most foreign investment flowed to infrastructure (62%) and the energy sector (33%). In the past, the economy has been dependent on substantial economic aid from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and other countries. [31] Malawi has one of the lowest per capita incomes in the world,[44] although economic growth was estimated at 9.7% in 2008 and strong growth is predicted by the International Monetary Fund for 2009. [86], As of 2009[update], Malawi exports an estimated US$945 million in goods per year. [74], Malawi is among the world's least developed countries. The entry requirement is six credits on the Malawi School Certificate of Education, which is equivalent to O levels. District [83][84][85], The main agricultural products of Malawi include tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, sorghum, cattle and goats. The "Warm Heart of Africa" nickname is not due to the hot weather of the country, but due to the kind, loving nature of the Malawian people. [3] The largest Christian groups in Malawi are the Roman Catholic Church, of which 19% of Malawians are adherents, and the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (CCAP) to which 18% belong. [88] Malawi is known for growing "the best and finest" cannabis in the world for recreational drug use, according to a recent World Bank report, and cultivation and sales of the crop may contribute to corruption within the police force. Malawi has a low life expectancy and high infant mortality. [131], Its dances are a strong part of Malawi's culture, and the National Dance Troupe (formerly the Kwacha Cultural Troupe) was formed in November 1987 by the government.